- In
Flanders Fields
- In
Flanders fields the poppies blow
- Between
the crosses, row on row
- That
mark our place; and in the sky
- The
larks, still bravely singing, fly
- Scarce
heard amid the guns below.
-
- We
are the Dead. Short days ago
- We
lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
- Loved
and were loved, and now we lie
- In
Flanders fields.
-
- Take
up our quarrel with the foe:
- To
you from failing hands we throw
- The
torch; be yours to hold it high.
- If
ye break faith with us who die
- We
shall not sleep, though poppies grow
- In
Flanders fields.
- [go to the
top of page]
-
Rupert
Brooke, 1887-1915
- Rupert Brooke was brought
up in privilege and published his first book of poetry in 1911.
He was, in the years before his death, one of the leading literary
lights in England. Brooke saw
little combat during the war; he contracted sepsis from a neglected minor
injury and died in April, 1915, while on the Aegean Sea.
-
- The
War Sonnets
-
- I.Peace
- Now, God be thanked Who
has matched us with His hour,
And caught our youth, and wakened us from sleeping,
With hand made sure, clear eye, and sharpened power,
To turn, as swimmers into cleanness leaping,
Glad from a world grown old and cold and weary,
Leave the sick hearts that honour could not move,
And half-men, and their dirty songs and dreary,
And all the little emptiness of love!
- Oh! we, who have known
shame, we have found release there,
Where there's no ill, no grief, but sleep has mending,
Naught broken save this body, lost but breath;
Nothing to shake the laughing heart's long peace there
But only agony, and that has ending;
And the worst friend and enemy is but Death.
-
- II. Safety
- Dear! of all happy in the
hour, most blest
He who has found our hid security,
Assured in the dark tides of the world at rest,
And heard our word, "Who is so safe as we?"
We have found safety with all things undying,
The winds, and morning, tears of men and mirth,
The deep night, and birds singing, and clouds flying,
And sleep, and freedom, and the autumnal earth.
We have built a house that is not for Time's throwing.
We have gained a peace unshaken by pain for ever.
War knows no power. Safe shall be my going,
Secretly armed against all death's endeavour;
Safe though all safety's lost; safe where men fall;
And if these poor limbs die, safest of all.
-
- III.
The Dead
- Blow out, you bugles,
over the rich Dead!
There's none of these so lonely and poor of old,
But, dying, has made us rarer gifts than gold.
These laid the world away; poured out the red
Sweet wine of youth; gave up the years to be
Of work and joy, and that unhoped serene,
That men call age; and those who would have been,
Their sons, they gave, their immortality.
- Blow, bugles, blow! They
brought us, for our dearth,
Holiness, lacked so long, and Love, and Pain.
Honour has come back, as a king, to earth,
And paid his subjects with a royal wage;
And nobleness walks in our ways again;
And we have come into our heritage.
-
- IV.
The Dead
- These hearts were woven
of human joys and cares,
Washed marvellously with sorrow, swift to mirth.
The years had given them kindness. Dawn was theirs,
And sunset, and the colours of the earth.
These had seen movement, and heard music; known
Slumber and waking; loved; gone proudly friended;
Felt the quick stir of wonder; sat alone;
Touched flowers and furs and cheeks. All this is ended.
- There are waters blown by
changing winds to laughter
And lit by the rich skies, all day. And after,
Frost, with a gesture, stays the waves that dance
And wandering loveliness. He leaves a white
Unbroken glory, a gathered radiance,
A width, a shining peace, under the night.
-
- V. The Soldier
- If I should die, think
only this of me:
That there's some corner of a foreign field
That is for ever England. There shall be
In that rich earth a richer dust concealed;
A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware,
Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam,
A body of England's, breathing English air,
Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home.
- And think, this heart,
all evil shed away,
A pulse in the eternal mind, no less
Gives somewhere back the thoughts by England given;
Her sights and sounds; dreams happy as her day;
And laughter, learnt of friends; and gentleness,
In hearts at peace, under an English heaven.
-
Siegfried
Sassoon, 1886-1967
- Sassoon was brought up in
wealth and lived the life of a country gentleman. He enlisted in 1914,
joining the Royal Welch Fusiliers. During
the war Sassoon performed many brave, almost suicidal, deeds but at the
same time his disillusionment with the conflict grew. He was a friend of
Robert Graves and Wilfred Owen, meeting the latter during his
convalescence at Craiglockhart Hospital where he was being treated for
shell shock. He survived the war and came to hate fiercely all that it
stood for. One of his short
poems, In an Underground Dressing-Station, is quoted in its entirety in La
Tendresse.
-
- Suicide
in the Trenches
- I knew a simple soldier
boy
- Who grinned at life in
empty joy,
- Slept soundly through the
lonesome dark,
- And whistled early with
the lark.
-
- In winter trenches, cowed
and glum,
- With crumps and lice and
lack of rum,
- He put a bullet through
his brain.
- No one spoke of him
again.
-
- You smug-faced crowds
with kindling eye
- Who cheer when soldier
lads march by,
- Sneak home and pray
you'll never know
- The hell where youth and
laughter go.
-
- To
Any Dead Officer
- WELL, how are things in
Heaven? I wish you'd say,
- Because I'd
like to know that you're all right.
- Tell me, have you found
everlasting day,
- Or been
sucked in by everlasting night?
- For when I shut my eyes
your face shows plain;
- I hear you
make some cheery old remark--
- I can rebuild you in my
brain,
- Though you've
gone out patrolling in the dark.
-
- You hated tours of
trenches; you were proud
- Of nothing
more than having good years to spend;
- Longed to get home and
join the careless crowd
- Of chaps who
work in peace with Time for friend.
- That's all washed out
now. You're beyond the wire:
- No earthly
chance can send you crawling back;
- You've finished with
machine-gun fire--
- Knocked over
in a hopeless dud-attack.
-
- Somehow I always thought
you'd get done in,
- Because you
were so desperate keen to live:
- You were all out to try
and save your skin,
- Well knowing
how much the world had got to give.
- You joked at shells and
talked the usual 'shop,'
- Stuck to your
dirty job and did it fine:
- With 'Jesus Christ! when
will it stop?
- Three years
... It's hell unless we break their line.'
-
- So when they told me
you'd been left for dead
- I wouldn't
believe them, feeling it must be true.
- Next week the bloody Roll
of Honour said
- 'Wounded and
missing'--(That's the thing to do
- When lads are left in
shell-holes dying slow,
- With nothing
but blank sky and wounds that ache,
- Moaning for water till
they know
- It's night,
and then it's not worth while to wake!)
- . . . .
- Good-bye, old lad!
Remember me to God,
- And tell Him
that our Politicians swear
- They won't give in till
Prussian Rule's been trod
- Under the
Heel of England ... Are you there?...
- Yes ... and the War won't
end for at least two years;
- But we've got stacks of
men ... I'm blind with tears,
- Staring into
the dark. Cheero!
- I wish they'd killed you
in a decent show.
-
- Devotion
to Duty
- I WAS near the King that
day. I saw him snatch
- And briskly scan the
G.H.Q. dispatch.
- Thick-voiced, he read it
out. (His face was grave.)
- 'This officer advanced
with the first wave,
-
- 'And when our first
objective had been gained,
- '(Though wounded twice),
reorganized the line:
- 'The spirit of the troops
was by his fine
- 'Example most effectively
sustained.'
-
- He gripped his beard;
then closed his eyes and said,
- 'Bathsheba must be warned
that he is dead.
- 'Send for her. I will be
the first to tell
- 'This wife how her heroic
husband fell.'
-
- Glory
of Women
- You love us when we're
heroes, home on leave,
- Or wounded in a
mentionable place.
- You worship decorations;
you believe
- That chivalry redeems the
war's disgrace.
- You make us shells. You
listen with delight,
- By tales of dirt and
danger fondly thrilled.
- You crown our distant
ardours while we fight,
- And mourn our laurelled
memories when we're killed.
- You can't believe that
British troops 'retire'
- When hell's last horror
breaks them, and they run,
- Trampling the terrible
corpses--blind with blood.
- O German mother dreaming
by the fire,
- While you are knitting
socks to send your son
- His face is trodden
deeper in the mud.
-
- In
an Underground Dressing Station
- Quietly they set their
burden down: he tried
- To grin; moaned; moved
his head from side to side
- .
. .
- “O put my leg down,
doctor, do!” (He’d got
- A bullet in his ankle;
and he’d been shot
- Horribly through the
guts.) The surgeon seemed
- So kind and gentle,
saying, above that crying,
- “You must keep
still, my lad.” But he was
dying.
-
Isaac
Rosenberg (1890-1918)
- Isaac Rosenberg was born
into a working-class Jewish family that had emigrated from Russia to the
East End of London. He was a talented artist and attended the Art School
of Birkbeck College, London University. He was in South Africa when the
war broke out. He returned to England in 1915 and enlisted in 1916.
Before going to the front he published a small volume of poems, Youth.
Rosenberg was killed at dawn while on night patrol, April 1,
1918.
-
- On
Receiving News of the War
- Snow is a strange white
word.
No ice or frost
Has asked of bud or bird
For Winter's cost.
- Yet ice and frost and
snow
From earth to sky
This Summer land doth know.
No man knows why.
- In all men's hearts it
is.
Some spirit old
Hath turned with malign kiss
Our lives to mould.
- Red fangs have torn His
face.
God's blood is shed.
He mourns from His lone place
His children dead.
- O!
ancient crimson curse!
Corrode, consume.
Give back this universe
Its pristine bloom.
-
- Break of
Day in the Trenches
- The darkness crumbles
away.
It is the same old druid Time as ever,
Only a live thing leaps my hand,
A queer sardonic rat,
As I pull the parapet's poppy
To stick behind my ear.
Droll rat, they would shoot you if they knew
Your cosmopolitan sympathies.
Now you have touched this English hand
You will do the same to a German
Soon, no doubt, if it be your pleasure
To cross the sleeping green between.
It seems you inwardly grin as you pass
Strong eyes, fine limbs, haughty athletes,
Less chanced than you for life,
Bonds to the whims of murder,
Sprawled in the bowels of the earth,
The torn fields of France.
What do you see in our eyes
At the shrieking iron and flame
Hurled through still heavens ?
What quaver--what heart aghast?
Poppies whose roots are in man's veins
Drop, and are ever dropping;
But mine in my ear is safe--
Just a little white with the dust.
-
- Dead
Man's Dump
- The plunging limbers over
the shattered track
Racketed with their rusty freight,
Stuck out like many crowns of thorns,
And the rusty stakes like sceptres old
To stay the flood of brutish men
Upon our brothers dear.
- The wheels lurched over
sprawled dead
But pained them not, though their bones crunched,
Their shut mouths made no moan,
They lie there huddled, friend and foeman,
Man born of man, and born of woman,
And shells go crying over them
From night till night and now.
- Earth has waited for them
All the time of their growth
Fretting for their decay:
Now she has them at last!
In the strength of their strength
Suspended--stopped and held.
- What fierce imaginings
their dark souls lit
Earth! have they gone into you?
Somewhere they must have gone,
And flung on your hard back
Is their souls' sack,
Emptied of God-ancestralled essences.
Who hurled them out? Who hurled?
- None saw their spirits'
shadow shake the grass,
Or stood aside for the half used life to pass
Out of those doomed nostrils and the doomed mouth,
When the swift iron burning bee
Drained the wild honey of their youth.
- What of us, who flung on
the shrieking pyre,
Walk, our usual thoughts untouched,
Our lucky limbs as on ichor fed,
Immortal seeming ever?
Perhaps when the flames beat loud on us,
A fear may choke in our veins
And the startled blood may stop.
- The air is loud with
death,
The dark air spurts with fire
The explosions ceaseless are.
Timelessly now, some minutes past,
These dead strode time with vigorous life,
Till the shrapnel called 'an end!'
But not to all. In bleeding pangs
Some borne on stretchers dreamed of home,
Dear things, war-blotted from their hearts.
- A man's brains splattered
on
A stretcher-bearer's face;
His shook shoulders slipped their load,
But when they bent to look again
The drowning soul was sunk too deep
For human tenderness.
- They left this dead with
the older dead,
Stretched at the cross roads.
Burnt black by strange decay,
Their sinister faces lie
The lid over each eye,
The grass and coloured clay
More motion have than they,
Joined to the great sunk silences.
- Here is one not long
dead;
His dark hearing caught our far wheels,
And the choked soul stretched weak hands
To reach the living word the far wheels said,
The blood-dazed intelligence beating for light,
Crying through the suspense of the far torturing wheels
Swift for the end to break,
Or the wheels to break,
Cried as the tide of the world broke over his sight.
- Will they come? Will they
ever come?
Even as the mixed hoofs of the mules,
The quivering-bellied mules,
And the rushing wheels all mixed
With his tortured upturned sight,
So we crashed round the bend,
We heard his weak scream,
We heard his very last sound,
And our wheels grazed his dead face.
-
- Louse
Hunting
- Nudes--stark and
glistening,
Yelling in lurid glee. Grinning faces
And raging limbs
Whirl over the floor one fire.
For a shirt verminously busy
Yon soldier tore from his throat, with oaths
Godhead might shrink at, but not the lice.
And soon the shirt was aflare
Over the candle he'd lit while we lay.
- Then we all sprang up and
stript
To hunt the verminous brood.
Soon like a demons' pantomime
The place was raging.
See the silhouettes agape,
See the gibbering shadows
Mixed with the battled arms on the wall.
See gargantuan hooked fingers
Pluck in supreme flesh
To smutch supreme littleness.
See the merry limbs in hot Highland fling
Because some wizard vermin
Charmed from the quiet this revel
When our ears were half lulled
By the dark music
Blown from Sleep's trumpet.
-
- God
- In his malodorous brain
what slugs and mire,
Lanthorned in his oblique eyes, guttering burned!
His body lodged a rat where men nursed souls.
The world flashed grape-green eyes of a foiled cat
To him. On fragments of an old shrunk power,
On shy and maimed, on women wrung awry,
He lay, a bullying hulk, to crush them more.
But when one, fearless, turned and clawed like bronze,
Cringing was easy to blunt these stern paws,
And he would weigh the heavier on those after.
Who rests in God's mean flattery now? Your wealth
Is but his cunning to make death more hard.
Your iron sinews take more pain in breaking.
And he has made the market for your beauty
Too poor to buy, although you die to sell.
Only that he has never heard of sleep;
And when the cats come out the rats are sly.
Here we are safe till he slinks in at dawn.
But he has gnawed a fibre from strange roots,
And in the morning some pale wonder ceases.
Things are not strange and strange things are forgetful.
Ah! if the day were arid, somehow lost
Out of us, but it is as hair of us,
And only in the hush no wind stirs it.
And in the light vague trouble lifts and breathes,
And restlessness still shadows the lost ways.
The fingers shut on voices that pass through,
Where blind farewells are taken easily . . .
- Ah! this miasma of a
rotting God!
-
Wilfred
Owen 1893-1918
- Wilfred Owen is regarded
by many people as the greatest of all war poets, and one of the greatest
poets of the century. He was born in Shropshire and was in Bordeaux in
1915 teaching at the Berlitz School of English when he visited a hospital
for the wounded and decided to enlist.
He was injured in March 1917 and sent home; he was fit for duty in
August, 1918, and returned to the front. During his spell in the
Craglockhart Hospital he met Siegfried
Sassoon. November 4,
just seven days before the Armistice, he was caught in a German machine
gun attack as he crossed the Sambre canal and was killed at the age of 25.
The bells were ringing on November 11, 1918, in Shrewsbury to celebrate
the Armistice when the doorbell rang at his parent's home, bringing them
the telegram saying their son was dead.
It was felt by many that the English world had lost its greatest
poet since Yeats.
-